CAS Number: 10049-04-4
Chemical Formula: CLO2
Molecular weight: 67,5 g/mol
Appearance: yellow gas
Smell: Typical
Dense in Air: 2,4 (Air: 1, 273 K)
Melting Point: -59 °C
Boiling Point: 11° C
AREAS OF USAGE
Chlorine Dioxide is a chemical compound in formula CLO2. Chlorine Dioxide was found by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1814. Chlorine Dioxide is broadly used as bleaching in paper industry and as disinfection in water treatment facilities.
It is aforesaid that Chlorine Dioxide is used fairly specific areas such as cleaning algae and waste in type of phenol from the water sources, and more easily decomposing the iron and mess by oxidization.
Besides, it was used in flour bleaching and in disinfection of municipality drinking water. Chlorine Dioxide was used to decompose the phenol from the drinking water in Niagara Falls, New York first in 1994. In 1956, when it was passed to chlor dioxide from chlor in Belgium and Brussels, there had been a huge promotion for Chlorine dioxide as a disinfection of drinking water.
Chlorine Dioxide is a very good oxidant used in removing trihalometan compounds consisted when used free chlorine in water improvement works. General areas of usage for Chlorine dioxide are classified as follows
Control of Biofilm on Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membran with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Reverse Osmosis (RO - RO) method can be used to treat seawater for available and potable water. Although Reverse Osmosis (RO) is currently used for treatment of sea water, biofilm can occur from microbiological organisms in sea water. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) eliminates biofilm that occurs in the sea water and also that has the highest efficiency demonstrated in the study by the Environmental Protection Agency in the US (USEPA). Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) removes the biofilm and increases the efficiency of Reverse Osmosis. Disinfection of seawater can be ensured by using Chlorine Dioxide which is 0.2-0.3 ppm. As a result, definitive conclusions can be taken to prevent the formation of biofilm with using Chlorine Dioxide. [Detailed Information 1]
Control of Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
İnhibition of the biofilm formation and removal of Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in deep sea water plants is the purpose of the cooling system. Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), which grow in the deep sea water, have caused blockage in the channels where is the cooling water system and gives economic damage. Many chemicals have been used for disinfection of Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) but there was no significant effect. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has produced a successful result with struggling Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Chlorine dioxide provide the continuity of the smoothly system and disinfection which has removed blockage in the channels.[ Detailed Information 2]
Disinfection of Drinking Water with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has been used for many years for disinfection of potable water in mains and, as a result, prevents the formation of harmful by-products (trihalomethane) that may occur to health. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) prevents disease by killing algae, germs and bacteria in the water. Studies conducted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Taivan Environmental Protection Agency (TEPA) support using Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) for disinfection of drinking water. Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) at 0.8 ppm (mg/l) can provide disinfection of drinking water and achieve optimal value for water. [ Detailed Information 3]
• Brussels, Vienna, Zurich have been using Chlorine Dioxide for disinfection of drinking water since 1950.
Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) in Poultry
Germs, bacteria and Salmonella in Drinking water of poultry may prevent animals development and prevent the animals from reaching the desired weight, increasing the mortality and financal losses. Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) provides disinfection of drinking water for poultry, which prevents water-induced losses.
● Mortality rates max. 2%
● Average desired weight is reached in shorter time
● Average chicken weight increases by 10%
● 6% savings in feed
● Additionally, Algae remover and other additional chemical materials do not need to be used on pipes and storage tanks. So material and maintenance costs are minimized, providing financial gain.
Disinfection is provided for improvement in the ambient conditions.
● Cleaning the water tank and lines
● Disinfection of drinking water in poultry
● Cage prewash
● Carcasses wash
● Overall water use in slaughterhouses
Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) in Farming
Fire blight is a common problem for pear, apple and quince trees, and wastes many trees. Beside ilnesses as blight, charcoal coused many trees to die. The trees would not have ilnesses and bacterials by Disinfection of chlorine dioxide (ClO2). Concentration of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) at 100-115 ppm for20-25 days increases the efficiency of the tree and also reduces bacteria and diseases. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) disinfection even helps to revive trees that are cut off due to illness.
Disinfection of Spa Water with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Spa (spa) water can be contaminated due to microbiological factors. Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2), which is currently used for water disinfection, has high oxidation power and doesn’t produce carcinogenic by products or other chemicals after contact with water. This process is supported by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency (TEPA) Bacteria and viruses in the water are minimized by 0.7 ppm Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) and that also eliminates the formation of smelt and disinfection. [ Detailed Information 4]
Chlorine Dioxide in Food Packaging
The main reason for a shorter shelf life of fruits and vegetables is the presence of bacteria. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) disinfection is carried in food packaging. When washed with a solution of Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) in concentrations ranging from 40-120 ppm, a variety of fruits and vegetables had no presence of bacteria. In that case, the average shelf life increased from 5 days to 14 days.
Production and Bleaching of Flour with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Additives are added in order to increase the performance and nutritive value of milled flour. It can be necessary to whiten or bleach milled flour, which is yellow. Potassium Bromate and Benzoyl Peroxide which increases the risk of cancer and allergies, are usually used for this process, The use of these substances is not allowed in Europe and the UK. Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) can be used in bleached flour because there is no carcinogenic and allergy risk. Additionally, it can improve the performance and feed value. It takes 3-6 weeks for flour to be at the highest performance (oxidation). Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) can be used for the oxidation and minimizes the time.
Disinfection of swimming pools with chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
Chemicals used to disinfect swimming pools can result in carcinogenic byproducts, asthma and diarrhea. Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) can disinfect swimming pools without causing any chemical reactions in the water or creating any carcinogenic byproducts. It also eliminates unpleasant odors in the water. The amount of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) needed depends on the pollution of the pool water, temperature, pH and contact time. In general, Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) can be used in low dosages for disinfection of swimming pools. Additionally, Algae remover and other chemical materials do not need to be used on pipes and storage tanks. So material and maintenance costs are minimized, providing financial gain.
Odor Control with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Odors generated by industrial waste, organic odors, and odors originating from sewage are controlled with Chlorine Dioxide. As a result, uncomfortable and unpleasant odors are absorbed into the absorber column and the water circulating in the absorber column is dosed by Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2). Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) is used with concentrations ranging between 1-50 ppm, according to the level of odor. After this treatment, the level of odor decreases from 40,000 units of smell to 500 units of smell.
Sulfur Control with Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Sulfide term in Chemical, several types of Chemical compounds containing sulfur. Sulfide compounds can form unpleasant odors, flavors, toxicity, and corrosion result of variety reactions,. For that reason it is an important environmental pollutants. Chlorine dioxide is used as an oxidant in chemical oxidation which is used to eliminate compounds containing sulfur (sulfide). İt is economical Chemical Oxidation eliminates compounds containing a high percentage of sulfur in water with Chlorine dioxide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) originating from sewage cause unpleasant odor and concrete material wear. Controlled Chlorine Dioxide spray destroys unpleasent odors and minimizes wear from concrete materials.
ADVANTAGES of CHLORINE DIOXIDE
In recent years, interest in using Chlorine dioxide as an alternative for Chlorine in water disinfection has been increased.
Chlorine dioxide is a very effective bacterial disinfectant and more effective than chlor for disinfection of the water hosts a virus. It prevents and removes biological films. It removes phenol causes fetid odor and taste problems.
Chlorine dioxide is more effective than chlor in removing iron and mess. While chlor is insufficient for disinfection in high pH, chlorine dioxide is efficient in all pH degrees.
When used in fruit, vegetation and poultry sector, it extends the shelf life of the product. It does not allow the survival of any bacteria in the environment it is available. As distinct from chlor, Chlorine dioxide does not consists trihalometan which is carcinogen and chloramin derivation.